明天, 今天, 昨天(ghostneuron)

May 22, 2007

Face blindness

Filed under: Neuroscience

What if you cannot recognize people by face? Even in your family, you need time to figure out who they are by ways other than face, such as voice, smell, gait et al. This is a disease named Prosopagnosia, which is a neuological disorder.

Neuroscience has expanded so broadly that its nerves reach every domain of life, like mathmatics, robots, novels, movies. There is a new movie recently talking about this disease introduced on the journal, Science. "In Vivid Detail " discribed a man falling in love with a pretty girl and comeing to understand the woman’s face by sketching it in a grid and appreciating it as an abstract pattern. This’s a romantic and artistic way to cure disease, which is usually full of imagination and misunderstanding against scientific view; however it might also give out some clues to medicine and industry.

There are many ways to know the world, and each way could be interesting, entertaining and helpful, though they are not always agreeing with each other.

 

Cite from Science 2007,447,263

[Film: An unfamiliar face Emma Marris1 ARTS REVIEWED: Film - In Vivid Detail directed by Dara Bratt presented by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation at the Tribeca Film Festival, New York, in spring 2007. Prosopagnosia is a neurological condition often referred to as ‘face blindness’. Individuals with this condition cannot recognize other people by their faces, which look about as uniform to them as two stones do to everyone else. It is a disorder with rich cinematic implications, as film stars often have beautiful or glamorous faces, and films rely on the audience’s ability to identify characters by their faces. In the short film In Vivid Detail, a man falls in love with a conventionally pretty woman, and she reciprocates, only to feel snubbed when he apparently ignores her when she has put her hair up and changed her shoes. He explains his condition, and she must decide whether she can date a man who can’t really ’see’ her face. In the end, he makes a special effort to show that he can comprehend her face, albeit in a different way to most people. The man’s disorder is revealed in subtle ways before he explains it. Talking about two chocolate-shop owners, he tells his new love "Those guys are brothers," when it is obvious to the viewer that they are identical twins. And the film almost overdoes it with scenes that reveal his excellent eyesight and attention to detail in other areas. Student film-maker Dara Bratt spoke with scientists and prosopagnosia patients to do her research, but she admits that she is not sure whether the final conceit, in which the man comes to understand the woman’s face by sketching it in a grid and appreciating it as an abstract pattern, would work for people with the condition. Bratt says she chose a conventional beauty to play the woman so the character would be more startled and upset when the man fails to respond to her pretty face. But this casting choice also puts the audience in the same precarious position of potentially failing to recognize her when she changes her accessories and hairstyle — she could be just another generically pretty blonde. The man’s inability to ’see’ faces might have been more poignant if the woman’s face had more character. Short films are often used as calling cards in the industry, screened at festivals to introduce a film-maker’s work. In Vivid Detail was premiered in this year’s Tribeca Film Festival in New York. Bratt says she hopes to do more work on neurological topics, and is already working on feature-length ideas.]

May 19, 2007

Lost in affection

Filed under: Essays

淫雨绵绵,心乱如麻。。。。。。多一点太甜,少一点太淡,多多少少是每一天的经验。。。。

May 14, 2007

Blogs on Neuroscience

Filed under: Neuroscience

I read an old blog marked long time ago today, which is on psychiatry genetics, It induced my interests on the popular science readings again, by reading blogs this time. Then came to this site of many blogs on neuroscience, very interesting writings and designs and discussions, seems I have something to work on now_to write blogs on neuroscience and to compete with other blogers and join the neuroscience blog carnival "encephalon".

This article written by neurophilosophy is very interesting and reminds me the Sapolsky paper on PNAS, which is on parasite changing rat’s behavior that I just heard the talk earlier this month. Wow, I embrace you, neuroscience…….what a beautiful world!

May 13, 2007

Mother’s Day

Filed under: Essays

It’s Mother’s Day,  I greet my mother here and show my respect, wish her healthy and happy…."慈母手中线, 游子身上衣。 临行密密缝, 意恐迟迟归。 谁言寸草心,  报得三春晖。" It reminds my childhood as well as my family. What an affection holding us together! I’m proud that I have a strong mother, who give me strength to survive and surf the world….I miss and admire you, my dear mother……

There was a Child went Forth
Walt Whitman (1891)

There was a child went forth every day;
And the first object he look’d upon, that object he became;
And that object became part of him for the day, or a certain part of the day, or for many years, or stretching cycles of years.

The early lilacs became part of this child,
And grass, and white and red morning-glories, and white and red clover, and the song of the phoebe-bird,
And the Third-month lambs, and the sow’s pink-faint litter, and the mare’s foal, and the cow’s calf,
And the noisy brood of the barn-yard, or by the mire of the pond-side,
And the fish suspending themselves so curiously below there—and the beautiful curious liquid,
And the water-plants with their graceful flat heads—all became part of him.

The field-sprouts of Fourth-month and Fifth-month became part of him;
Winter-grain sprouts, and those of the light-yellow corn, and the esculent roots of the garden,
And the apple-trees cover’d with blossoms, and the fruit afterward, and wood-berries, and the commonest weeds by the road;
And the old drunkard staggering home from the out-house of the tavern, whence he had lately risen,
And the school-mistress that pass’d on her way to the school,
And the friendly boys that pass’d—and the quarrelsome boys,
And the tidy and fresh-cheek’d girls—and the barefoot negro boy and girl,
And all the changes of city and country, wherever he went.

His own parents,
He that had father’d him, and she that had conceiv’d him in her womb, and birth’d him,
They gave this child more of themselves than that;
They gave him afterward every day—they became part of him.

The mother at home, quietly placing the dishes on the supper-table;
The mother with mild words—clean her cap and gown, a wholesome odor falling off her person and clothes as she walks by;
The father, strong, self-sufficient, manly, mean, anger’d, unjust;
The blow, the quick loud word, the tight bargain, the crafty lure,
The family usages, the language, the company, the furniture—the yearning and swelling heart,
Affection that will not be gainsay’d—the sense of what is real—the thought if, after all, it should prove unreal,
The doubts of day-time and the doubts of night-time—the curious whether and how,
Whether that which appears so is so, or is it all flashes and specks?
Men and women crowding fast in the streets—if they are not flashes and specks, what are they?
The streets themselves, and the façades of houses, and goods in the windows,
Vehicles, teams, the heavy-plank’d wharves—the huge crossing at the ferries,
The village on the highland, seen from afar at sunset—the river between,
Shadows, aureola and mist, the light falling on roofs and gables of white or brown, three miles off,
The schooner near by, sleepily dropping down the tide—the little boat slack-tow’d astern,
The hurrying tumbling waves, quick-broken crests, slapping,
The strata of color’d clouds, the long bar of maroon-tint, away solitary by itself—the spread of purity it lies motionless in,
The horizon’s edge, the flying sea-crow, the fragrance of salt marsh and shore mud;
These became part of that child who went forth every day, and who now goes, and will always go forth every day.

(from Leaves of Grass)

May 10, 2007

The pass of humanism

Filed under: Readings

读报闻余英时获2006年美国国会图书馆Kluge人文与社会科学奖,知此人为通晓国学,汉学,中国学的学者,著作有 《历史与思想》《中国思想传统的现代诠释》《方以智晚节考》《论戴震与章学诚》《红楼梦的两个世界》《中国近代思想史上的胡适》《陈寅恪晚年诗文释证—兼论他的学术精神与晚年心境》《犹记风吹水上鳞—钱穆与现代中国学术》《朱熹的历史世界—宋代士大夫政治文化的研究》《宋明理学与政治文化》

引起我对中国传统文化的兴趣. 希望有时间读一下他的书. 余的语录有: "读书的第一要义是尽量求得客观的认识, 不是为了炫耀自己的创造力,能发前人所未发" 用科学家的口吻就是, 作科学研究的要义是格物致知,不是为了得诺贝尔奖; 也即名利都是副产品, 知识才是最重要. 余英时也赞赏中国近代的两位大学者,王国维与陈寅恪, 说中国传统文化自1949年就断了,虽有偏激, 但确忽有理.  

王国维在<<人间词话>>里有名句: 古今之成大事业、大学问者,必经过三种之境界:“昨夜西风凋碧树。独上高楼,望尽天涯路。”此第一境也。“衣带渐宽终不悔,为伊消得人憔悴。 ”此第二境也。“众里寻他千百度,蓦然回首,那人却在,灯火阑珊处。”此第三境也。除此之外,我对他知之甚少. 有云 “余之性质,欲为哲学家则感情苦多,而知力苦寡;欲为诗人,则又苦感情寡而理性多。” 陈寅恪认为王国维的学术成就“几若无涯岸之可望、辙迹之可寻”. 而王国维的自杀也像屈原一样影响深远. 陈寅恪在《王观堂先生挽词》中写道"凡一种文化值衰落之时,为此文化所化之人,必感苦痛,其表现此文化之程量愈宏,则其所受之苦痛亦愈甚;迨既达极深之度,殆非出于自杀无以求一己之心安而义尽也。" “吾中国文化之定义,具于白虎通三纲六纪之说,其意义为抽像理想最高之境,犹希腊柏拉图所谓Idea者。若以君臣之纲言之,君为李煜亦期之以刘秀;以朋友之纪言之,友为郦寄亦待之以鲍叔。其所殉之道,与所成之仁,均为抽像理想之通性,而非具体一人一事。” 实在是令人景仰之人.

陈寅恪也是个令人景仰的大学者,以倡导为人治学当有“自由之思想,独立之精神” 著称, 著有<<柳如是别传>>, 他游学德国,瑞士,法国,美国, 能阅读蒙、藏、满、日、梵、英、法、德和巴利、波斯、突厥、西夏、拉丁、希腊等十余种语言, 虽没有学位,却被聘为清华国学院导师. 最令人称道的是他对王国维的评价也是他自己的价值观, 坚持自己的人生理想, 在困境中依然能不屈服于世俗的压力. 虽然大教授和常人一样有弱点, “历史系一级教授陈寅恪双目失明,他胆子小,一听见喇叭里喊他的名字,他就浑身发抖,尿湿裤子,他就是这样被活活吓死的﹗".

在当今西方文化强势的时代, 中国文化如何吸纳吐新确实是个难题. 希望自己对其有所贡献.

May 6, 2007

Walking for hunger

Filed under: Essays

It was a day of experience, the first time I joined this kind of activity in US. what’s the feeling? I’m not sure. It’s said there were 43000 people walking today, helped raise $3.3 million for hungry families in Massachusetts! So every person raised $76.7 in average, although I didn’t get 1 dollar donation since I am too lazy to inform my friends to support me. Benevolence behavior seems to exist in every country and ethic group, it might be the basic instinct of human being as well as some other group animals, to give and to gain making the balance for the harmonious easy living….

We got up at 7 in the morning, and had a heavy breakfast, then took the metro to Park Street, where was the starting point. It was like a big market around Boston Common, balloons, posters, flags, tents, cheering groups filled up the space and time. It was not difficult to find the HMS-CSSA group at the monument hill, and we put on the tag, started the walking for hunger. It was cloudy with sunshine broke out sometimes, the main streets were full of people, flowing through all the way to the Mega. We enjoyed the morning sunshine and breeze, green leaves and new sprouts of flowers; stop to take pictures sometimes….giggles and hails, laughs and cries all among the flow….

The scenery is not bad in the spring, especially along the Charles river, it’s so lovely a day that I cannot feel any pain with this maneuver; my feet can stand well even after 15 miles of walking; we stop moments to get the signature and take water supply every 2-4 miles, At last we turned away at JFK street to another art festival, drinking coffee and ate chowder, watched some strange show….

Now I feel tired of the muscles on my leg and feet, but still confusing about the feelings of the experience; we didn’t socialize with others, and didn’t  know why we join the walking, might only for fun and exercise, am I too selfish to show any enthusiasms?

 

May 4, 2007

Happy to be young

Filed under: Essays

 

May 4 is the 124th day of the year, There are 241 days remaining. 一年已经过去了1/3, 感觉是越来越快了。。。今天是中国的青年节,不知道自己还算不算青年,回想N年前年轻气盛的傻样子,已经不复存在了,幸福还是悲哀?“五月的鲜花,照遍了原野。。。” 记得在学校时经常参加合唱表演的,也是“恰同学少年,书生意气,挥斥方遒,粪土当年万户侯”。想起个同学的幽默:“我视金钱如粪土,给我点粪土吧”。。。不过还没有到达“人生如梦”的境界,尽管我几经折腾了十多年了,变化也够多了,经历也够丰富了。。。好像还是个小学生啊,好像还没玩够啊;年轻真好啊!有时开始嫉妒起更年轻的人了。。。

 

我只要一种训导,就是你的,
喷泉,你跌回自身,——
冒险的水,担负着
从天国到尘世生活的回归。

除了你潺潺的细语
什么也不能为我提供榜样;
你哦,神庙轻盈的柱子
自我倒塌源于你的本性。

你塌落时,每串水珠怎样
抑扬顿挫完成它的舞蹈。
我感觉像个学生,拙于模仿
你无穷尽的细微色调!

然而教导我的多于你自听的歌
更是这片刻晕眩中的寂静
当夜里,穿过你液体的激越
你自身的回归一口气收起。

(何家炜译)

 

La Fontaine

Rainer Maria Rilke

 

Je ne veux qu’une seule leçon, c’est la tienne,
fontaine, qui en toi-même retombes, -
celle des eaux risquées auxquelles incombe
ce céleste retour vers la vie terrienne.

Autant que ton multiple murmure
rien ne saurait me servir d’exemple;
toi, ô colonne légère du temple
qui se détruit par sa propre nature.

Dans ta chute, combien se module
chaque jet d’eau qui termine sa danse.
Que je me sens l’élève, l’émule
de ton innombrable nuance!

Mais ce qui plus que ton chant vers toi me décide
c’est cet instant d’un silence en délire
lorsqu’ à la nuit, à travers ton élan liquide
passe ton propre retour qu’un souffle retire.

May 3, 2007

When expriment doesn’t work

Filed under: Essays

The sunny days haven’t brought lukiness to my experiments yet. There are always obstacles here and there. Why didn’t it work? Try to think step by step, could be this, could be that, and if theoritically it must work or others have worked out with the same situation, why mine didn’t work? You cannot say it’s unfathomable, at least the boss will not agree.  There must be something you failed to carry out during the work. So it’s a frustrated time now, though it’s also the time to use your brain, search on webs, check records, ask experts, and figure out the mightbe problem, then redo it, hope an idea results. If you failed again, it’s another frustrated time, another time to use your brain……and it’s the failure of the experiments that really make you learn something. That’s my life of research, think the same for other guys. It seems the more you failed, the more you learn, but God won’t bless you that way too, it brings you lukiness sometimes, which makes you happy though you learned nothing and might become idiot soon. What do you like? lucky or frustrated? The point is you cannot choose either, it’s just shuffled by God.

May 2, 2007

The fear day

Filed under: Neuroscience

春天来了,Symposiums, seminars, talks 也多了起来,好像趁着开花的季节给人们来一轮信息轰炸。于是今天就听了4个报告,回来查了一下,竟然有三个人都上了wikipedia.  第一个是中午,Joseph L. Goldstein, 1985年Nobel laurate, 因发现LDL受体而著名, 解释了胆固醇代谢的分子机制,为肥胖病人带来福音,今天的讲座是关于另一种胆固醇代谢调节蛋白的分子机制, 原来还有华人生物界的大牛王晓东的贡献. 牛人做报告就是潇洒,充满幽默和人生哲学,还可以讽刺一下杂志主编拒绝他论文的历史;细节倒没记住多少, 只是感受一下气氛…下午就一气听了三个半, 主题是neuroscience for fear, Joseph E. LeDoux, Robert Sapolsky都是fear,stress研究的big guy. Sapolsky尤其引人注目,不仅因为他像cave man一样的形象, 个子不高, 微卷的头发,和浓密及胸的胡子,灰白的颜色, 戴一副黑边眼镜,穿一件白色衬衣,而且讲起话来柔和连续,抑扬而没有句读, 语速适中而充满机智,感觉就是一位高僧或长老,也很像科幻小说里的人物. 这位Stanford的生物科学教授善于教学并写一些通俗科学作品, 是科学美国人的撰稿人, 很受学生欢迎; 也是我德国和葡萄牙导师的idole.当初我在德国的第一篇论文曾经被他审稿, 居然提了19个问题, 不过我很高兴地给了令他满意的答案. 今天很偶然见到真人,很兴奋好奇呢! 行为学的研究总是很吸引人,似乎人们对于了解自己都有强烈的好奇心. 试验对象已经从动物到人, 今天有个讲座是说一种分子cycloserine 能够减轻人的恐高症, 就是看受试者随着楼层增高而改变的恐惧反应, 通过脑成像, 心律, 脉跳, 血压等客观因素的变化而相关. 基因治疗也已经被用来缓解stress造成的病理反应. 今天最有趣的一个报告是Sapolsky关于一种寄生虫特意性改变宿主行为而增加它自己感染率的试验(PNAS 2007,104,6442). 这种弓形虫寄生在鼠类和猫类等动物的脑内,但只能在猫肠道内繁殖产卵, 卵通过粪便排出后, 会被鼠类吞食, 在鼠体内迁移到脑内的杏仁核形成包囊, 鼠被猫吃了后就完成了弓形虫的生殖周期;有意思的是正常鼠对猫尿有排斥恐惧性,会躲开;而被弓形虫感染的鼠却会被猫尿所吸引,从而增加了被猫捕食的概率, 从而也就增加了这种弓形虫繁殖的概率. 这个试验实际上证实了"行为操控" 假说. cognitive and behavior neuroscience是近年来发展最快的一个专业, 如果能理解行为的分子机制, 那么离有效治疗精神神经疾病便不远了. 如果行为变得在某一天可以被操控, 那么这个世界是不是更危险了呢? 不过这不是科学家所关心的,起码现在是这样.

May 1, 2007

The late spring

Filed under: Essays

 

 At last it comes, the late spring, with sudden sprout, with sunny shock, with breeze flowed and rain dropped, on the May day, which reminds me the spring in Sweden, it’s the same time with same cheer….magnolia, cherry blossum, peach blossum, elm blossum, rododendro, daffodil and tulip….it’s mainly light colours such as white, pink and yellow. where is the wild rose? you can never find it easily on the street, might because it’s so commercial that it’s always found in flower shops, in gardens, in the name of Rose…in Rilke’s words…

若你的鲜妍有时让我们这般惊异,
幸福的玫瑰,
是因你自身,在你内里,
花瓣托着花瓣,你在休憩。

全体苏醒过来,花骨朵
依然熟睡,无穷无尽的花瓣,触及
这宁静的中心多少温存
抵达那张终极的嘴。

(何家炜译)

 

Si ta fraîcheur parfois nous étonne tant

 

Rainer Maria Rilke

 

Si ta fraîcheur parfois nous étonne tant,
heureuse rose,
c’est qu’en toi-même, en dedans,
pétale contre pétale, tu te reposes.

Ensemble tout éveillé, dont le milieu
dort, pendant qu’innombrables, se touchent
les tendresses de ce coeur silencieux
qui aboutissent à l’extrême bouche.






















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